Acetyl-L-carnitine

(3R)-3-(acetyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate

Formula: C9H17NO4 (203.1158)
Chinese Name: 乙酰-L-肉碱, L-乙酰基肉碱, 乙酰左旋肉碱
BioDeep ID: BioDeep_00000018395 ( View LC/MS Profile)
SMILES: [H][C@@](CC([O-])=O)(C[N+](C)(C)C)OC(C)=O



Found 37 Sample Hits

m/z Adducts Species Organ Scanning Sample
186.1128 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:1.8
Marker Pen NA DESI (None)
3ul_0.8Mpa_RAW_20241016-PAPER PNMK - MEMI_test
Resolution: 30μm, 315x42

Description

By writing the four English letters “PNMK” on white paper with a marker pen, and then scanning with a DESI ion source to obtain the scanning result. The signal of the chemical substances on the marker pen used appears on the channel with an m/z value of 322.1918, 323.1953, 546.4010, and etc, from the single cell deconvolution sampling layer class_4. This test data was tested by chuxiaoping from PANOMIX’s R&D laboratory.

204.1233 [M+H]+
PPM:1.3
Marker Pen NA DESI (None)
3ul_0.8Mpa_RAW_20241016-PAPER PNMK - MEMI_test
Resolution: 30μm, 315x42

Description

By writing the four English letters “PNMK” on white paper with a marker pen, and then scanning with a DESI ion source to obtain the scanning result. The signal of the chemical substances on the marker pen used appears on the channel with an m/z value of 322.1918, 323.1953, 546.4010, and etc, from the single cell deconvolution sampling layer class_4. This test data was tested by chuxiaoping from PANOMIX’s R&D laboratory.

221.1539 [M+NH4]+
PPM:19.5
Marker Pen NA DESI (None)
3ul_0.8Mpa_RAW_20241016-PAPER PNMK - MEMI_test
Resolution: 30μm, 315x42

Description

By writing the four English letters “PNMK” on white paper with a marker pen, and then scanning with a DESI ion source to obtain the scanning result. The signal of the chemical substances on the marker pen used appears on the channel with an m/z value of 322.1918, 323.1953, 546.4010, and etc, from the single cell deconvolution sampling layer class_4. This test data was tested by chuxiaoping from PANOMIX’s R&D laboratory.

242.2116 [M+K]+
PPM:7.9
Marker Pen NA DESI (None)
3ul_0.8Mpa_RAW_20241016-PAPER PNMK - MEMI_test
Resolution: 30μm, 315x42

Description

By writing the four English letters “PNMK” on white paper with a marker pen, and then scanning with a DESI ion source to obtain the scanning result. The signal of the chemical substances on the marker pen used appears on the channel with an m/z value of 322.1918, 323.1953, 546.4010, and etc, from the single cell deconvolution sampling layer class_4. This test data was tested by chuxiaoping from PANOMIX’s R&D laboratory.

204.1229 [M+H]+
PPM:0.6
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito08_43 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 298x106

Description

204.1229 [M+H]+
PPM:0.6
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito08_44 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 299x111

Description

204.123 [M+H]+
PPM:0.1
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito08_46 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 298x106

Description

204.123 [M+H]+
PPM:0.1
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito08_47 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 301x111

Description

204.123 [M+H]+
PPM:0.1
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito08_48 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 294x107

Description

204.1229 [M+H]+
PPM:0.6
Rattus norvegicus Epididymis MALDI (DHB)
epik_dhb_head_ito03_14 - MTBLS58
Resolution: 17μm, 205x103

Description

221.1539 [M+NH4]+
PPM:19.5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO22_1_4 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 82x80

Description

186.1131 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:3.4
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_16_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 95x101

Description

221.1534 [M+NH4]+
PPM:17.3
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_16_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 95x101

Description

204.1235 [M+H]+
PPM:2.3
Mus musculus Liver MALDI (CHCA)
Salmonella_final_pos_recal - MTBLS2671
Resolution: 17μm, 691x430

Description

A more complete and holistic view on host–microbe interactions is needed to understand the physiological and cellular barriers that affect the efficacy of drug treatments and allow the discovery and development of new therapeutics. Here, we developed a multimodal imaging approach combining histopathology with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and same section imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to study the effects of Salmonella Typhimurium infection in the liver of a mouse model using the S. Typhimurium strains SL3261 and SL1344. This approach enables correlation of tissue morphology and specific cell phenotypes with molecular images of tissue metabolism. IMC revealed a marked increase in immune cell markers and localization in immune aggregates in infected tissues. A correlative computational method (network analysis) was deployed to find metabolic features associated with infection and revealed metabolic clusters of acetyl carnitines, as well as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen species, which could be associated with pro-inflammatory immune cell types. By developing an IMC marker for the detection of Salmonella LPS, we were further able to identify and characterize those cell types which contained S. Typhimurium. [dataset] Nicole Strittmatter. Holistic Characterization of a Salmonella Typhimurium Infection Model Using Integrated Molecular Imaging, metabolights_dataset, V1; 2022. https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS2671.

242.2117 [M+K]+
PPM:7.4
Mus musculus Liver MALDI (CHCA)
Salmonella_final_pos_recal - MTBLS2671
Resolution: 17μm, 691x430

Description

A more complete and holistic view on host–microbe interactions is needed to understand the physiological and cellular barriers that affect the efficacy of drug treatments and allow the discovery and development of new therapeutics. Here, we developed a multimodal imaging approach combining histopathology with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and same section imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to study the effects of Salmonella Typhimurium infection in the liver of a mouse model using the S. Typhimurium strains SL3261 and SL1344. This approach enables correlation of tissue morphology and specific cell phenotypes with molecular images of tissue metabolism. IMC revealed a marked increase in immune cell markers and localization in immune aggregates in infected tissues. A correlative computational method (network analysis) was deployed to find metabolic features associated with infection and revealed metabolic clusters of acetyl carnitines, as well as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen species, which could be associated with pro-inflammatory immune cell types. By developing an IMC marker for the detection of Salmonella LPS, we were further able to identify and characterize those cell types which contained S. Typhimurium. [dataset] Nicole Strittmatter. Holistic Characterization of a Salmonella Typhimurium Infection Model Using Integrated Molecular Imaging, metabolights_dataset, V1; 2022. https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS2671.

186.1134 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO22_1_9 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 89x74

Description

221.1528 [M+NH4]+
PPM:14.6
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO22_1_9 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 89x74

Description

221.1495 [M+NH4]+
PPM:0.4
Homo sapiens colorectal adenocarcinoma DESI ()
80TopL, 50TopR, 70BottomL, 60BottomR-profile - MTBLS415
Resolution: 17μm, 137x136

Description

The human colorectal adenocarcinoma sample was excised during a surgical operation performed at the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. The sample and procedures were carried out in accordance with ethical approval (14/EE/0024).

221.1501 [M+NH4]+
PPM:2.4
Homo sapiens colorectal adenocarcinoma DESI ()
520TopL, 490TopR, 510BottomL, 500BottomR-profile - MTBLS415
Resolution: 17μm, 147x131

Description

The human colorectal adenocarcinoma sample was excised during a surgical operation performed at the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. The sample and procedures were carried out in accordance with ethical approval (14/EE/0024).

186.1129 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:2.3
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_16_3 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 108x107

Description

221.1531 [M+NH4]+
PPM:15.9
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_16_3 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 108x107

Description

186.1132 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:4
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO26_7_1 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 75x74

Description

186.1134 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO26_7_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 17μm, 135x101

Description

186.1132 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:4
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO26_7_3 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 82x88

Description

186.113 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:2.9
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
TO31T - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 56x54

Description

186.1133 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:4.5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
TO29T - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 56x48

Description

221.1536 [M+NH4]+
PPM:18.2
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO30_17_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 82x54

Description

186.1133 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:4.5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO22_1_7 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 69x54

Description

221.1526 [M+NH4]+
PPM:13.7
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO22_1_7 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 69x54

Description

186.1133 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:4.5
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO26_16_1 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 95x88

Description

186.1129 [M+H-H2O]+
PPM:2.3
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_18_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 62x68

Description

221.1538 [M+NH4]+
PPM:19.1
Homo sapiens esophagus DESI ()
LNTO29_18_2 - MTBLS385
Resolution: 75μm, 62x68

Description

204.123 [M+H]+
PPM:0.1
Mus musculus brain MALDI (DHB)
Brain01_Bregma-3-88b_centroid - MTBLS313
Resolution: 17μm, 265x320

Description

204.1225 [M+H]+
PPM:2.6
Mus musculus brain MALDI (DHB)
Brain02_Bregma1-42_03 - MTBLS313
Resolution: 17μm, 483x403

Description

204.1225 [M+H]+
PPM:2.6
Mus musculus brain MALDI (DHB)
Brain02_Bregma-3-88 - MTBLS313
Resolution: 17μm, 288x282

Description

204.1225 [M+H]+
PPM:2.6
Mus musculus brain MALDI (DHB)
Brain02_Bregma-1-46 - MTBLS313
Resolution: 17μm, 294x399

Description

221.1539 [M+NH4]+
PPM:19.5
Homo sapiens colorectal adenocarcinoma DESI ()
240TopL, 210TopR, 230BottomL, 220BottomR-centroid - MTBLS176
Resolution: 50μm, 142x141

Description


L-Acetylcarnitine (Acetylcarnitine or ALC or LAC) is an acetic acid ester of carnitine that facilitates the movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids. Acetylcarnitine is an endogenous compound widely distributed in many tissues, including brain. Chemically, acetylcarnitine is the acetylated derivative of the amino acid L-carnitine whose function is generally correlated with regulation of energy metabolism within mitochondria. The synthesis of acetylcarnitine is catalyzed by the enzyme carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT), which is located on the inner mitochondrial membrane as well as in endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisome. CAT promotes the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) to carnitine, thereby producing acetylcarnitine and free CoA (PMID: 29267192). After being synthetized, acetylcarnitine is transported outside mitochondria into the cytosol by the enzyme carnitine/acetylcarnitine translocase (CACT). This is a crucial metabolic reaction for beta-oxidation of fatty acids whereby acetylcarnitine facilitates the transport of acetyl-CoA across mitochondrial membranes (PMID: 29267192). In addition to his metabolic role, L-acetylcarnitine possesses unique neuroprotective, neuromodulatory, and neurotrophic properties. acetylcarnitine is mobile throughout the plasma membranes and can rapidly cross blood-brain barrier. Indeed, acetylcarnitine can be transported by the high-affinity sodium-dependent organic cation/transporter (OCTN2), which is functionally expressed in cells forming the blood-brain barrier (PMID: 29267192). A wide range of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the multiplicity of acetylcarnitine activities within nervous tissues. In particular, it has been demonstrated that acetylcarnitine modulates the activity of nerve growth factor (NGF) and enhances the expression of NGF receptors in striatum/hippocampus during development (PMID: 29267192). Moreover, acetylcarnitine modulates different neurotransmitter systems, including the GABAergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic system by increasing acetyl-CoA content and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. This may play an important role in counteracting various neurodegenerative disease processes (PMID: 15363640).